Diabetes: 9 Common Myths Debunked

Diabetes is a widespread chronic illness affecting millions of people worldwide. Despite its prevalence, many myths still surround the condition, often causing confusion and misconceptions. Here, we explore some of the most common diabetes myths and set the record straight.

Myth 1: Eating Sugar Causes Diabetes

While diabetes is associated with high blood sugar levels, consuming sugary foods like candies or cakes is not a direct cause of the disease. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the immune system attacks insulin producing cells in the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes develops when the body becomes resistant to insulin. Factors such as family history, obesity, and physical inactivity play a far greater role in the development of diabetes than sugar intake alone.

Myth 2: People with Diabetes Are Always on a Strict Diet

In the past, people with diabetes were prescribed highly restrictive diets. Today, the approach has changed. Diabetics can enjoy a wide variety of foods, focusing on a balanced diet that includes complex carbohydrates, lean proteins, fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats. Managing portion sizes and monitoring carbohydrate intake, often with the help of a continuous glucose monitor, remains essential.

Myth 3: Diabetes Is a Mild Disease

Diabetes is manageable, but it is far from mild. Without proper diagnosis and treatment, it can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, nerve damage, kidney problems, and eye disorders. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, monitoring blood sugar levels, and adhering to prescribed medication are crucial for preventing long-term health issues.

Myth 4: Only Older, Overweight People Get Diabetes

Diabetes can affect individuals of all ages and body types. Type 2 diabetes is more common in older and overweight adults but is increasingly seen in younger people and even children, largely due to rising childhood obesity rates. Type 1 diabetes is typically diagnosed in children and young adults and is not linked to weight.

Myth 5: Insulin Pumps Cure Diabetes

Insulin pumps deliver continuous doses of insulin, making diabetes management more convenient for some, but they do not cure the disease. Pumps require careful monitoring and dosage adjustments, and not all diabetics need them. Many manage well with insulin injections combined with lifestyle management.

Myth 6: People with Diabetes Cannot Eat Fruit

While fruits contain natural sugars, they are also rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals. When consumed in moderation as part of a balanced diet, fruits can absolutely be included in a diabetes friendly meal plan. Portion control and carbohydrate counting remain key.

Myth 7: People with Diabetes Cannot Exercise

Regular physical activity is essential for diabetes management. Exercise improves insulin sensitivity, helps regulate blood sugar, reduces the risk of heart disease, and supports a healthy weight. Diabetics should consult their healthcare provider to create a safe and effective exercise plan.

Myth 8: Diabetes Is Contagious

Diabetes cannot be transmitted from person to person. Type 1 diabetes is caused by genetic and environmental factors, while type 2 diabetes is influenced by genetics, obesity, and lack of physical activity.

Myth 9: People with Diabetes Cannot Drink Alcohol

Diabetics can consume alcohol in moderation, typically one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men, but it can affect blood sugar levels. It is important to consult a doctor about safe consumption, drink alcohol with a meal, and monitor blood sugar carefully.

Conclusion

Accurate knowledge is key to managing diabetes effectively. Dispelling myths helps individuals make informed choices, follow medical advice, and prevent long-term complications. With proper care, monitoring, and lifestyle adjustments, people with diabetes can lead healthy, fulfilling lives.

Dr. Julio Weinstein is a specialist in internal medicine at the DMC Diabetes Care Center.