Crying Explained: The Biology, Emotion, and Healing Power of Tears

Tears are secretions that flow from our eyes almost constantly. They are composed mainly of water, glucose (sugars), and salts. We sometimes wonder why tears taste salty, but in truth, that is simply because tears are the only bodily fluid we actually taste. Tears contain a concentration of salts similar to that found in our blood and sweat.

Tears are usually secreted to protect and cleanse the eyes. The washing action of tears, together with the salts they contain, helps remove bacteria that enter the eyes through various external particles. For example, when a grain of sand gets into the eye, the eye often fills with tears, which help flush the particle out. Tears also play an important role in keeping the eyes moist.

At times, tear production increases in response to allergies or exposure to sharp or irritating substances, such as onion fumes and the like.

But why do we cry?

While protective tear secretion exists in many animals, crying is a phenomenon unique to human beings. We cry when we experience sadness or emotional pain, and sometimes even when we feel joy or deep excitement. Crying is the body’s way of releasing emotions, and it gives us a sense of relief and emotional lightness. There is nothing quite like washing your face after a good cry.

Some researchers in the field of biochemistry suggest that the tears released during crying help drain unhealthy substances that the body produces during times of stress or emotional upheaval. This is one reason mental health professionals recommend not suppressing tears in situations that evoke sadness or emotional injury.