Gifts to the Poor on Purim: Who Must Give, How Much to Give, and Why It Matters

Purim is almost here, bringing with it one of the happiest celebrations of the Jewish year. Many of us are already busy preparing mishloach manot packages, costumes, and festive meals. Yet while we look forward to the holiday, there are many families for whom Purim is a source of real concern: will they be able to afford to celebrate at all?

Purim is unique among Jewish holidays because one of its central mitzvot is to help those in need. We are commanded to ensure that another Jew can rejoice on Purim as well. After all, how can we truly celebrate while someone else lacks even the basics for a festive meal?

Giving with Joy

Rabbi Levi Yitzchak of Berditchev taught that this mitzvah should be fulfilled with happiness. By bringing joy to others, we invite Divine blessing into our own lives. Through this act of generosity, God responds measure for measure, bestowing abundance, gladness, and joy upon us.

To Whom Should the Gifts Be Given?

According to Jewish law, one must give two gifts to two different needy individuals — one gift to each person.

How Much Should Be Given?

The minimum requirement is the value of a festive meal for each of the two recipients. However, anyone who gives more is especially praiseworthy.

Who Is Obligated in This Mitzvah?

The obligation applies to:

• Men

• Women (including married women)

• Boys over the age of 12

• Girls over the age of 13

• Even a poor person who himself lives from charity

When Is the Mitzvah Performed?

Matanot La’Evyonim must be given on Purim day itself:

Although the funds may be transferred before the holiday, the actual distribution to the needy should take place on Purim day.

How Should the Gifts Be Given?

Whenever possible, assistance should be provided discreetly and respectfully, preserving the dignity of the recipient.

Can Matanot La’Evyonim Be Given from Ma’aser Funds?

The minimum amount required to fulfill the mitzvah should not be taken from ma’aser (tithing) funds.

However, any amount given beyond the minimum obligation may be donated from ma’aser funds.

Should Children Give Matanot La’Evyonim?

Children who have reached the age of education (approximately six or seven years old) should be trained in this mitzvah as well.

A parent may give on behalf of a child, and it is recommended to tell the child that the donation is being made for them, helping them develop awareness and appreciation for the mitzvah.

The Heart of Purim

More than costumes, gifts, and festive meals, Purim reminds us that true joy is shared joy. The holiday reaches its fullest expression when we ensure that those facing hardship can celebrate with dignity and happiness alongside the rest of the Jewish people.

By extending a helping hand to someone in need, we transform Purim from a personal celebration into a collective one — fulfilling one of the holiday's most meaningful and enduring commandments.